來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2021-12-12 19:23:12
2022中考英語with的基本用法
它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語,復(fù)合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當(dāng),第二部分補(bǔ)足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語或非謂語動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)
一、with或without+名詞/代詞+形容詞
例句:1.I like to sleep with the windows open.
我喜歡把窗戶開著睡覺。(伴隨情況)
2.With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.
大氣這樣悶,十之八九要下雨(原因狀語)
二、with或without+名詞/代詞+副詞
例句:1.She left the room with all the lights on.
她離開了房間,燈還亮著。(伴隨情況)
2.The boy stood there with his head down.
這個(gè)男孩低頭站在那兒。(伴隨情況)
三、with或without+名詞/代詞+介詞短語
例句:1.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
他走進(jìn)黑暗的街道時(shí)手里拿著根棍子。(伴隨情況)
2. With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子們?cè)谏蠈W(xué),所以當(dāng)我們想度假時(shí)而不能去度假。(原因狀語)
四、with或without+名詞/代詞+非謂語動(dòng)詞
1、with或without+名詞/代詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式,此時(shí),不定式表示將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
例句: 1.With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
由于沒人可以說話的人,約翰感到很悲哀。(原因狀語)
2. With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out.
因?yàn)檫有很多工作要做,他沒有被允許外出。(原因狀語)
2、with + 名詞 (或代詞) + 現(xiàn)在分詞,此時(shí),現(xiàn)在分詞和前面的名詞或代詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
例句: 1.With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.
由于物價(jià)上漲很快,我們買不起高檔商品。(原因狀語)
2. With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
在人群的歡呼聲中,他們驅(qū)車來到皇宮。(伴隨情況)
3、with + 名詞 (或代詞) + 過去分詞,此時(shí),過去分詞和前面的名詞或代詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
例句: 1.I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在房間坐了一會(huì)兒,眼睛盯著天花板。(伴隨情況)
2.She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行車被偷,她只好步行回家。(原因狀語)
五、with或without+名詞/代詞+補(bǔ)語
例句:1.Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
有可能,這個(gè)人死的時(shí)候還沒有人知道那些錢幣被藏在哪里。
2.He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him).
他想他是否可以在沒有人注意到他的情況下悄悄溜出演講大廳
3、with the winter coming
隨著冬天的來臨
※ with+不定式和+分詞的區(qū)別:
加不定式是指將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,加分詞是指主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)動(dòng)作.
六、with +賓語(名詞,代詞)+名詞
例句:1.He died with his daughter a schoolgirl
他在他女兒是個(gè)小學(xué)生的時(shí)候死了
with的句法功能
一、with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),在句中表狀態(tài)或說明背景情況 該結(jié)構(gòu)常做伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語。
例句:1、With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops.
由于所有的工作都是由機(jī)器進(jìn)行,他們將很快收完莊稼。(原因狀語)
2、The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm.
這個(gè)孩子總是頭枕著胳膊睡覺。(伴隨狀語)
3、The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
士兵要他背對(duì)著他父親站著。(方式狀語)
4、With spring coming on, trees turn green.
春天到了,樹變綠了。(時(shí)間狀語)
二、with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作定語
例句:Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope.
任何一個(gè)頭上長著眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一條繩子。
三、like+名詞/代詞+補(bǔ)語
例句:1、The old pinetree still stood there like an umbrella covering the entrance of the cave.
這顆老松樹依然聳立在那,像傘一樣蓋住了洞穴
2、The noise sounded like a train going under my house.
這聲音聽起來像是一列火車在我的屋子下面經(jīng)過一樣。
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