來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-07-08 20:45:54
賓語(object)
一、基本概念要想掌握賓語從句,一定要對于一些基本概念有一個(gè)比較清晰的認(rèn)知,不然會(huì)陷入似懂非懂的局面。:俗稱受詞,即動(dòng)作的承受者。這個(gè)概念是比較抽象的,我們可以看個(gè)例子。我開門。開是個(gè)動(dòng)作,門就是這個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者,所以門是賓語。類比到英語中:I open the door. open 是動(dòng)詞,表示開這個(gè)動(dòng)詞,door是open的承受者,door是賓語。:是復(fù)合句中具有分屬地位的分句。這個(gè)概念也比較抽象,我們可以這樣去理解。從表示從屬關(guān)系,有從就有主,我們可以認(rèn)為從句是一種附屬句,起補(bǔ)充信息的作用。一般而言,,但是有了從句之后,一個(gè)句子就可以出現(xiàn)多個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞,有多個(gè)主語和謂語。:用一個(gè)句子來充當(dāng)賓語
如果上述概念還是無法理解,那么就記住這句話。
位置關(guān)系:及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的后面
(初中只用掌握這兩個(gè)位置關(guān)系)。
Practice:
找出下列句子中的賓語。
1. Hey buddy, I will carry you.2.Oh my gosh! We lost the game again.3.Please takeoff your coat!It is so hot outside.
二、引導(dǎo)詞
1.that
引導(dǎo)詞,顧名思義就是引出賓語從句的詞,常見有:陳述事實(shí),一般可以省略
(that
I don’t believe)youcheat me again.
2.whether/if
含“是否”之意,表示對陳述事情不明確或不清晰WhenCovid-19 first appeared, pepole didn’t know if/whether doctorscould cure it。補(bǔ)充:有些情況只能用whether不能用if
2.1 在不定式前
to
I am not sure whethergo to Beijing this summer.
2.2與or not 或or 連用
or not
He asked mewhether I will study abroad.2.3在介詞前I am thinkingwhetherwe should go to see the movie.
3.特殊疑問詞
what/when/which/why/how等,
I don'tknow what I should do next.
Iwonder how we can go to the zoo.
三、時(shí)態(tài)
時(shí)態(tài)問題,是我們學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容。
1.當(dāng)主從是現(xiàn)在的某種時(shí)態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等),從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來定。I remember hegaveme a bookyesterday.I am thinking why hewill leavefor Beijing tomorrow.I have asked him whether hewassleepingat 8 yesterday.
2.如果主句是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)(一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)等),從句用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。
I knew wholivedthere.I saw shewas talkingwith hermother.He asked whether his fatherwould comeback the next day.He said that hehad seenthe moviebefore.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
3.如果從句說明的是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理,一律用。
四、語序賓語從句的語序是陳述語序,即主語+謂語+其他等比如:
I can
Could you please tell mehowbe admitted into THU (清華大學(xué))?
錯(cuò)誤:Could you please tell me how can I be admitted into to THU?
否定詞not
五、否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句有consider/suppose/think/know等詞時(shí),常常要將從句中的轉(zhuǎn)移到主句,注意只轉(zhuǎn)否定詞not
I don't think we shouldstay upuntil 2:00 am.
錯(cuò)誤:I think we should not stay up until 2:00 am.
六、簡化這里考察將復(fù)合句簡化成一個(gè)單句,具體轉(zhuǎn)化形式為疑問詞+不定式(疑問詞+to do)
比如:Could you tell me howI canbe admitted into THU?簡化:
Could you tell mehowto be admitted into THU?
注意:主句的賓語和從句的主語是同一人方可轉(zhuǎn)化
比如:
Couldyou tell me whentheywill come?轉(zhuǎn)化:
Could youtell me when to come?❌因?yàn)檫@個(gè)句子中主句的賓語是me,從句的主語是they,不是同一人
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