來源:網(wǎng)絡資源 2023-08-15 11:36:46
考點1 考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法區(qū)別
基數(shù)詞表示人或事物數(shù)量的多少,如one,two,three,four,five,six等;而序數(shù)詞則表示人或事物的順序,如first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth等。在通常情況下,基數(shù)詞除one外,其余的后接名詞時,名詞原則上要用復數(shù);而序數(shù)詞在后接名詞時,原則上用單數(shù)。如:
He has four children, but he likes his fourth child most.他有四個孩子,但他最喜歡他的第四個孩子。
【考例1】Father's Day is on __ Sunday of June.(湖南長沙中考題)
A. three
B. third
C. the third
D. a third
【分析】答案選C。由于空格后的名詞為單數(shù),所以不能選基數(shù)詞three,故可排除A;其余三個選項均為序數(shù)詞,但只有帶定冠詞的C才是正確的,因為此處的句意為特指。句意為,父親節(jié)是六月的第三個星期日。
【考例2】-Where does John live?
-He lives on __ floor but he doesn't use a lift to go up and down.
A. nine
B. the ninth
C. ninth
D. a ninth
【分析】答案選B。由于空格后的名詞floor為單數(shù),所以空格處不能填基數(shù)詞,故可排除A;而序數(shù)詞前通常用定冠詞,而不用不定冠詞,故選B。
考點2 考查數(shù)詞在編號中的用法
在類似編號的場合,序數(shù)詞應放在被修飾詞語之前,若用基數(shù)詞則置于其后。如,
the First Lesson/Lesson One第1課
the tenth chapter/chapter ten第10章
the sixth line/ line 6第6行
the third part / part three第三部分
但是,在許多情況下,用基數(shù)詞比用序數(shù)詞更合適、更方便。如:
Book One第1冊
Room 805 805房
page 110第110頁
Bus Number Ten第10路公共汽車
【考例】-There is a wrong word in line __ .
-Where?
-In the __ line.
A. two;two
B. two;second
C. second;two
D. second;second
【分析】答案選B。in line two與in the second line同義,均表示"第二行”。又如:lesson five與the fifth lesson同義,均表示“第五課”。
考點3 考査用英語表示分數(shù)的用法
用英語表示分數(shù)的方法是:先說分子,后說分母;分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當分子超過"一"時,分母用復數(shù)形式。如"三分之二"可表示為two thirds(可理解為“兩個三分之一”)。但是有些分數(shù)的表示比較其特別,如"二分之一”通常說成a (one) half,“四分之一”通常說成a quarter。
【考例】__ of the students in our class __ money to the disabled people these days.
A. Two third, have raised
B. Two thirds, has raised
C. Two three. have raised
D. Two thirds, have raised
【分析】答案選D。“三分之二”的分子是“二",用基數(shù)詞two表示:分母是"三”,用序數(shù)詞third表示,由于分子大于一,故表示分母的third要用復數(shù),即可排除A和C;又因為一個班三分之二的學生肯定不只一個,故請語動詞要用復數(shù),即選D不選B。
考點4 考查hundred,thousand,million單復數(shù)用法
當hundred,thousand,million與數(shù)詞連用表示具體數(shù)量時,它們既不用復數(shù)形式,后接名詞時也不用介詞of。如,
Can you lend me a hundred dollars?你可否借給我一百美金?
This theatre holds a thousand persons.這家劇院能容納一千人。
The sun is 92 million miles away.太陽離這里有九千二百萬英里。
但是,若泛指數(shù)百、數(shù)千、數(shù)百萬等,則用hundreds of,thousands of,millions of等這樣的結構。如:Hundreds of people attended the meeting.有幾百人參加了會議。
They received millions of letters asking for information他們收到了無數(shù)的咨詢信件。
Men have been making music for thousands of years.人類創(chuàng)作音樂已有數(shù)千年歷史。
【考例1】More than two years ago, __ people knew little about the universe.
A. thousands
B. thousand
C. thousand of
D. thousands of
【分析】答案選B。與具體數(shù)字連用時,thousand不用加詞足-s,其后也不用介詞of,
【考例2】Enshi is becoming a tourist city. __ people come here during the holidays every year.
A. Thousand of
B. Thousands of
C. Five thousands of
D. Five thousands
【分析】答察選B。與具體數(shù)字連用時,thousand不用加詞屬-s,其后也不用介詞of,故可排除C和D。但表示不確定的"數(shù)千"數(shù)以千計"時,則不僅要加詞足"s,而且要后接介詞of,故只能選B,不能選A。
考點5考查帶有數(shù)詞的復合形容詞
根據(jù)英語習慣,在"數(shù)詞+名詞""數(shù)詞+名詞+名詞""數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”這類復合形容詞中,其中的名詞只用單數(shù)形式,不用復數(shù)形式。如:
a two-mile walk兩英里的步行
a six-inch ruler六英寸長的尺子
a two-hour exam.一次兩小時的考試
a five-year-old boy一個五歲的男孩
an eighteen-month-old baby一個18個月大的嬰兒
a five-hundred-meter rope一根500米長的繩子
【考例1】Each of us has to write a __ report every two weeks.
A. two-hundred-word
B. two-hundreds-word
C. two-hundreds-words
D. two-hundred-words
【分析】答案選A。帶有數(shù)詞的復合形容詞中,數(shù)詞后的名詞要用單數(shù)。又如:She has a ten-year-old son.她有個10歲的兒子。He wrote a five-hundred-word letter to me.他寫了一封500字的信給我。
【考例2】A new study proves a __ walk every day is enough to keep people away from becoming fat.
A. 30-minute
B. 30 minute's
C. 30-minutes
D. 30 minute
【分析】答案選A。按英語習慣,在帶有數(shù)詞的復合形容詞中,數(shù)詞后的名詞要用單數(shù)。所以不能選C;另外,這類結構中的連字符原則上不能省略。
考點6 考查簡單運算后對相應數(shù)詞進行選擇
嚴格說來,這類題只是借助"數(shù)詞”作為一種命題手段,與數(shù)詞的用法關系不大。
【考例】-There are sixty students in our class. And __ of us are boys.
-Wow! You have forty girls!
A. one fourth
B. one third
C. two fifths
D. two thirds
【分析】答案選B。做這道題要先運算一下:上文說這個班上共有60名學生,下文說女生有40個,這說明男生的數(shù)量為60-40-20個。那么20個是60個的幾分之幾呢?顯然是“三分之一",故答案選B。
考點7 綜合考查數(shù)詞的不同知識點
即將數(shù)詞的各個知識點綜合起來進行考查。如
【考例】About __ of the workers in the factory were born in the __.
A. two-thirds, 1970
B. two-thirds, 1970s
C. two-third, 1970
D. two-third, 1970s
【分析】答案選B。“三分之二”也就是兩個“三分之一”,所以third要用復數(shù),可排除C和D;表示在某一年,其前不用冠詞,表示在某個年代,其前要用定冠詞,同時表示“年代”的數(shù)詞要加詞尾-s或-'s。比較:in 1990=在1990年,in the 1990s=在20世紀90年代。
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